unit18inventions period1let’slistenandspeak! goals helpstudentsunderstandthecommonsenseaboutinventions。 dolisteningandmakesurestudentsunderstandit。 helpimprovethestudents’listeningandspeakingabilities。 procedures leadinginbyguessing。 today,wearegoingtolearnsomethingaboutinventionsthatwilldogoodtohumanbeingsorevensmoothawaydifficultiesbroughtbydisabilities。herearesomeofthem。pleaseguesswhattheyareorwhotheinventorsare。 1。amanwhomademorethan1,000inventionsinhislifeandinventedelectricbulbs 2。awomanwhodiscoveredawaytoalterandexpandtherangeofnaturalcottoncolorswithoutusingtintsordyes 3。acomputerthatfitscomfortablyonyournoseandweighslessthanapairofglasses 4。amanbornin1876whoinventedaneffectivegasmotorengineandbuiltthefirstpracticalfourstrokeinternalcombustionenginecalledtheottocycleengine 5。ashoewhoseheelsmadeelectricitywitheverystepthewearertakes key: 1。thomasalvaedison 2。sallyfox 3。nosetopcomputer 4。nicolausotto 5。electricshoes tolearnmoreaboutinventionspleaseturntopage57orlookatthescreen。 task1:lookinganddiscussing。 lookatpage57orthescreen。therearefourpicturesandfourdescriptions。readthedescriptionsinpiduallyfirstandthenmatcheachpicturewiththecorrectdescription。 picture1:electricshoes picture2:inflatablebicycle picture3:ediblechopsticks picture4:nosetopcomputer task2:discussing。 nowdiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs: 1。whichofthefourinventiondoyouthinkwouldbemoreuseful?why? 2。isthereanythingyouwouldliketoinvent?ifso,whatandwhy? task3:listeningandansweringquestions。 1。nowwearegoingtolistentodialogue1onthetape,whichisaboutmr。dean’snewinvention。listencarefullyandtrytounderstandit。thenyoushouldanswerthefollowingquestions: 1)whataretheadvantagesofmr。dean’snewinvention? 2)howdoesitwork? 3)whatcanitbeusedfor? 4)whydoesthepatentofficernotwanttogivethemanapatent? 2。listentothetapeofdialogue2,whichisaboutmr。scoles’inventionandthenanswerthefollowingquestions: 1)whathasmr。scolesinvented? 2)whydidthemaninventit? 3)doyouthinkitworks?howdoesitwork? 4)whydoesthepatentofficernotwanttogivethemanapatent? task4:speakingup。 ingroupsoffouroneistoplaytheroleofaninventortoexplaintotheresthowhisinventionworks。thepatentofficershouldlisten,askquestionsanddecidetogivewhichonethepatent。 closingbywriting。 toendtheperiod,let’strytowritealistofnewinventionswewouldliketomake。let’sseewhoseideasarebothcreativeandpractical。 period2let’sread! (whatwillyouthinkofnext?) goals: improvethestudents’readingabilities。 learnaboutcreativityandthinkingstrategies。 procedures learninginbydiscussing。 lasttimeyouwereaskedtowritealistofyourpossibleinventions。nowweshallseewhoseinventionsarebothcreativeandpractical。 t:what’syourinvention,sa? sa:flowerspeakeramplifiers。 t:whatdoesitlooklike? sa:itisthegadgetthatishiddeninavaseorapottedplant。 t:howdoesitwork? sa:itsendsmusicatjusttherightfrequencytovibrateupthestemsandthenbeconvertedintoaudiblesoundbytheentireplant。adevicesuchasacdplayerorradiocanbeconnectedtoit。musicisalsogoodfortheplants,whichareinvigoratedbytheconstantmusicalsounds。 t:quitecreative。nowaccordingtotheanswerfromsa,ihavegotsomequestionsforallofyoutodiscussingroups。 task1:skimmingforthemainidea。 weshalllearnmoreaboutcreativitytoday。nowskimthereadingpassagetofindoutthemainideaofeachpart。 task2:trueorfalse。 1mostinventorshavehighiqs。 2thethingsweknowcansometimesmakeitmoredifficultforustounderstand。 3it’simpossibletolearnhowtobecreative。 4thebestwaytofindagoodsolutionistolookforonegoodanswer。 5inventorstrytoavoidfailure。 6themorewayswehaveoflookingataproblem,themorelikelyitisthatwecanfindasolution。 7mostgoodideasaretheresultofalongprocessoftrialanderror。 task3:listeningandreadingaloud。 next,wearegoingtolistenandreadaloud。pauseatthecorrectplacesandfindoutthesentencesdifficulttoyouatthesametime。 usefulexpressions useone’screativity,comeupwithanewidea,havemuchincommon,havedifferentbackgrounds,dowellinschool,gethightestscores,haveahighiq,practicegoodthinkingstrategies,limitone’sthinking,thinkout,rephraseaproblem,allowforcreativesolutions,rejectwrongideas,getstuck,movetowardsabettersolution,breakawayfromoldthoughtpatterns,explorenewpossibilities,deepenone’sunderstanding,remainhidden,connectto,makeconnections。aprocessoftrialanderror,changetheworld task4:questionsandanswers。 firstworkinpairs,tryingtoanalyzethedifficultsentences,thenputyourquestionstome。wewillfocusontheformsandstructuresofthepassages。 task5:fillintheblankswiththewordsinthetext。 creativityisamatterof。inordertobemorecreative,weshouldthinkabouthowwethinkandgoodthinkingstrategies。 tothinkoutsidetheboxisaconscioustobreakawayfromoldthoughtinordertonewpossibilities。achangeintotakeanotherlookattheproblemmayleadtogoodsolutionsandnewideas。 greatthinkersareofmakingconnectionsandtrytonewandoldideasinasmanywaysaspossible。byandconnectingideasandobjectsinnewways,creativethinkersareabletothinkofnewandsolutions。 goodideasareno。theyaretheresultofalongoftrialand。ifwewanttodevelopourcreativity,wecantryusingthesethinkingstrategiestofindnewwaystoourlife。 closingupbydiscussion toendthisperiod,let’shaveadiscussionofthefollowingquestions: 1。howcanwebemorecreativeinthinking? 2。howdopeoplecomeupwithnewideasfornewinventions? 3。howcancreativethinkingbeusedtobetterourstudies? period3let’sstudy! (grammar:reviewtheattributiveclause) goals learntodefinewordsinenglishwiththeattributiveclause。 learnmoreabouttheattributiveclause。 procedures leadingin:readinganddiscovering。 readthepassagesandunderlinealltheattributiveclauses。 task1:reviewingtheattributiveclause。 学习定语从句的几个问题 1、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时,要特别注意以下几点: 1)指物时宜用that的情况: a。当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。allthatcanbedonehasbeendone。 b。当先行词既指人又指物时。 hespokeofthemenandthething(that)hehadseenabroad。 c。当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。 thisisoneofthebestfilmsthatihaveeverseen。 d。当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,any,every等修饰时。 thisisoneoftheverybookthatiamlookingfor。 e。当先行词是疑问词who,what,which时。 whothathassuchahomedoesn’tloveit? f。关系代词在从句中作表语。 maryisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe。 2)关系代词as和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容,as 引导的从句可位于句首或句末,which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。 whichyouknow,heisagoodman。() asyouknow,heisagoodman。() 3)关系副词when,where,why其含义相当于onwhich,inwhichforwhich等,可以互换: thedaywhenonwhichimethimfirstwasmay1st。 idon’tknowthereasonwhyforwhichhedidn’tcome。 47)whose指物时,可以与ofwhich等结构互换,但应注意与冠词的位置关系: thisisthebookthecoverofwhichofwhichthecoverwhosecoverisblue。 5)有时可用代替关系副词。在口语中常省略。 thisisthereason(whyforwhichthat)hecamelate。 6)先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时,一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。thesun,whichgivesuslightandheat,isverybig。 7)在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化: hesaidnothingthatmadeherangry。他没说使她生气的话。 hesaidnothing,whichmadeherangry。他一言不发,这使她很生气。 2、定语从句与强调结构 itistheplacewheretheylivedbefore。 itisintheplacethattheylivedbefore。 第一个句子为定语从句,where指代theplace,在定语从句中作状语,第二个句子为强调结构,强调intheplace,that没有意义,把放回后面句子,句子意思完整。 whereisitthathefoundthelostwatch?(强调句型,强调疑问副词where。) whereisthewatchhefoundyesterday?(定语从句,that指代thewatch。) 3、定语从句中的先行词 isthisbooktheonethatyouboughtyesterday? isthisthebookthatyouboughtyesterday? 第一个句子中,thisbook是主句的主语,theone是先行词。在第二个句子中this是主句的主语,thebook是先行词。一定要避免出现:isthisbookthatyouboughtyesterday? 4、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句相当于形容词,它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用,而同位语从句则相当于名词,对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释,即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如: thenewsthatweheardisnottrue。(定语从句) thenewsthathewontheprizeisnottrue。(同位语从句) 另:在havenoidea从句结构中,其从句都作idea的同位语。例如: ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback。 task2:fillinginandrewriting。 nowitistimeforyoutodothegrammarexercises1and2onpage61。 closingupbyworkingoutawordpuzzle。 torelaxed,turntopage62,andworkoutthewordpuzzleasquickaspossible。thewinnerwillwinalittlegift。 period4let’sreadandwrite! (allinthemind:scientificmetaphors) goals improvethestudents’abilitiesofreadingcomprehension。 learnaboutthepositiveandnegativeofscientificmetaphors。 enablethestudentstowritebriefessays。 procedures leadingin:bylifeexperiences。 goodmorning,class!livinginaninformationage,weareenjoyingvariousinventionsofmoderntechnology。wemakeusesofcomputers,mobilephones,tvsets,andsoon。nowtellmewhatusesyoumakeofallthosemoderndevices。 task1:readingforthemainideaofeachparagraph。 tolearnmoreaboutmoderntechnologies,turntopage63andfirstreadforthemainideaofeachparagraph。 task2:discussingthelanguagepoints。 anyproblemwiththearticle。nowinpairstrytofindsomequestionsaboutallthepointsdifficulttoyou。youmayaskmeforhelpifnecessary。 task3:listeningandreadingaloud。 tounderstandbetterwhat’stalkedaboutinthearticle,listentothetaperecordandreadaloudthetextatthesametime。 closingupbywritingabriefessay。 allright,nowlistentomyquestions: whatwillcomputerslooklikeinthefuture? howwillweusecomputers? howwouldyoudescribeacomputertosomeonelivinginthe19thcentury? whatwouldyoucompareacomputerto? wordsandexpressions liveinaninformationage,dowithcomputer,sendmails,besimilarto,keepinformationinone’smemory,developtechnologyatahighpace,metaphor,storage,paste,glue,bedifferentfrom,inthebestway,afterall,nowthat,inthefuture,thinkabout homework readingmaterial 以鱼喻人 shark:(本义)鲨鱼;(喻义)贪诈的人。如:aloanshark(高利贷主),thebigsharks(垄断资本家)。 eel:(本义)鳗鱼;(喻义)滑头的人。如: he’sfarfromstraightforwardtodealwithaslipperyeel。 他这个人与人打交道很不直爽滑头精。 fish:(本义)鱼;(喻义)人。如:thatolduncleofyoursisaqueerfish。你那位老伯伯,可真是个古怪的人。acoldfish冷冰冰的人apoorfish可怜虫 植物喻人 。hewastheno。1seedinthetabletennischampionship。 他是这届乒乓球锦标赛头号种子选手。(种子种子选手) 。amanoflearningissupposedtobesomepumpkins。 学问高深的人常被认为是重要人物。(南瓜很重要的人物,通常用复数形式并与some连用) 。heisarealdaisy。他是个顶呱呱的人物。(雏菊第一流的人物) 。thecountrylosttheflowerofitsyouthinthewar。 那个国家在战争中失去了许多优秀青年。(花精华) 。i’i’msureyoudon’twantmetoplaygooseberry。 你们两个年轻人单独在一起吧,我敢肯定你们不希望我夹在你们中间。(醋栗〔作〕陪妇,这短语源自青年男女相聚时须有老妇陪伴的古老习俗译成当电灯泡也是很形象的表达。)